Sanskrit

abhāva absence

abhinivesha fear of death

abhyāsa practice

adhibhautika suffering from other beings

adhidaivika suffering from nature

ādhyātmika suffering from the body or mind

āgamāh reliable experts

agni fire

ahamkara egotism

ahimsa non-harming

akasha ether

alabdhabhūmikatva lack of progress

ālambana support

alasya physical laziness

ananda happiness

anandamaya kosha bliss sheath

anatman no-self

anavasthitatvāni lack of consistency

aṅga limb

anitya impermanence

annamaya kosha food sheath

antaraya impediment

anumāna inference, logic

apāna prāna responsible for eliminating waste products from the body

aparigraha non-grasping

apas water

arjava sincerity

artha material wealth

āsana posture

ashtanga eight limbs

asmitā ego

asteya non-stealing

astikya faith in a higher power

atha now

ātman self

atyāhāra overeating

avidya ignorance

avirati craving

bhakti yoga path of devotion

bhrānti-darshana confusion

bhuta element

bhuvana world

brahma vihara sublime state

brahmacharya moderation

buddhi pure, discriminative intelligence

citta mind

citta bhumi state of mind

dana generosity

darshana view

daya compassion

dhāranā concentration

dharma truth, duty

dhriti perseverance

dhyāna meditation

drastuh seer

duhkha suffering

dvaita dualistic

dvesha aversion

ekagra focused

guna quality

hrī wise fear of consequences

huta sacrifice

indriya faculty

ishvara the inner teacher

ishvara pranidhana surrender to something greater than the ego

jana-saṅga distracting company

japa mantra repetition

jñāna knowledge

jñāna yoga path of knowledge

jyoti light

kaivalya autonomy

kama pleasure

karma cause and effect

karma yoga path of selfless action

karuna compassion

klesha affliction

klishta detrimental

kriyā action

krodha hatred

kshama patience

kshipta completely distracted

laulya unsteadiness

lobha greed

mahavrata great vow

maitri loving-kindness

manas thinking mind

manomaya kosha mind sheath

mati spiritual intelligence

mitahara measured diet

moha delusion

moksha liberation

mūdha dull

mudita sympathetic joy

nidrā sleep

nirodha stilling

niruddha completely absorbed

niyama personal observance

niyamāgraha attachment to rules and rituals

pāda chapter

parinama transformation

prajalpa talkativeness

prajna wisdom

prakasha luminosity

prakriti materiality

pramāda carelessness

pramāna right knowledge

prāna life force

pranamaya kosha energy sheath

pranayama yogic breathing

pranidhāna surrender

pratipaksha bhavana cultivating the opposite

pratyahara sense withdrawal

pratyaksha direct perception

prayāsa overexertion

prithvi earth

purusha pure consciousness

purushartha goal in life

raga attachment

raja yoga path of discipline

rāja yoga royal yoga

rajas passion

sadhana disciplined practice

samādhi absorption

samāna prāna responsible for digesting nutrients and nourishing the body

samsara The endless wheel of birth and death

samshaya doubt

samskāra mental impression

samvega wholehearted

samyama deep concentration

samyoga union

sangha community

sankalpa intention

santosha contentment

sattva goodness

satya truthfulness

saucha cleanliness

seva selfless service

shanti peace

shraddha faith

shramana seeker

siddhanta sravana listening to the truth

smriti mindfulness

sthira steady

styāna mental laziness

suci pure

sukha pleasant

surya sun

sūtra aphorism

svādhyāya self-study

svarūpa true nature

tamas inactivity

tapas self-discipline

tattva an aspect of reality

udāna prāna responsible for upward movements in the body

upādhi sheath

upāya skillful means

upeksa equanimity

vairāgya non-attachment

vayu air

vijnanamaya kosha discernment sheath

vikalpa imagination

vikshipta partially distracted

vipāka result of a past action

viparyaya wrong knowledge

virya effort

vitarka troubling thoughts

viveka discriminative discernment

vritti fluctuation

vyādhi sickness

vyāna prāna responsible for circulating all over the body

yama social ethics